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Bailiff Enforcement in Poland — How to Effectively Recover Debts from Business Partners

The Judgment Is Not the End — It's the Beginning

Even after winning a case, many creditors struggle to actually recover their money. Effective enforcement requires strategy and swift action.

Enforcement Title

Enforcement is initiated based on an enforcement title — a judgment with an enforceability clause. Since 2023, the clause is granted ex officio.

Choosing a Bailiff

The creditor has the right to choose a bailiff anywhere in Poland.

Methods of Enforcement

  • Bank account enforcement — central query via Ognivo system
  • Receivables enforcement — seizing amounts due from the debtor's contractors
  • Movable property enforcement — vehicles, machinery, equipment
  • Real estate enforcement — longest but effective for large amounts
  • Enforcement against company shares

Asset Disclosure

The debtor must provide a sworn inventory of assets (Art. 913-920 CPC). Refusal or false statements — fines and detention.

Actio Pauliana

If the debtor transferred assets to the creditor's detriment — actio Pauliana (Art. 527 CC). Deadline: 5 years.

Have a judgment but can't recover the money? Get in touch — I'll prepare an enforcement strategy.

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