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Board Member Liability for Company Debts — Article 299 of the Polish Commercial Code

When Board Members Are Liable for Company Debts

Art. 299 KSH: if enforcement against the company proves unsuccessful, the creditor may seek payment directly from board members — with their entire personal assets.

Prerequisites for Liability

Existence of the company's obligation (enforcement title) and unsuccessful enforcement.

Grounds for Exclusion of Liability

  • Bankruptcy petition filed in due time (30 days)
  • No fault in failing to file
  • Creditor suffered no damage
  • Restructuring proceedings were opened

Scope of Liability

Entire company debt including interest and costs. Joint and several liability among all board members.

Statute of Limitations

3 years from learning of unsuccessful enforcement, max 10 years from the event.

Preventive Protection

Monitoring liquidity, analyzing insolvency indicators, prompt bankruptcy or restructuring filings. D&O insurance as additional protection.

Facing a claim under Art. 299 KSH? Get in touch — I'll prepare a defense strategy or preventive audit.

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